JGOG 2008
Randomized phase III trial of pelvic radiotherapy versus cisplatin-based combined chemotherapy in patients with intermediate- and high-risk endometrial cancer

Disease site

Uterine

Pubmed link

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17996926/

Publication month/year

November 2007

Study question

To establish an optimal adjuvant therapy for intermediate- and high-risk endometrial cancer patients

Type of study

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Interventions compared

Adjuvant pelvic radiation therapy (PRT) vs cyclophosphamide–doxorubicin–cisplatin (CAP) chemotherapy

Experimental arm (Intervention)

Chemotherapy (CAP)

Control arm

Pelvic radiation therapy (PRT)

Primary outcome

Overall survival (OS)

Secondary outcome
  • Progression-free survival (PFS)
  • The incidence of toxicity
Inclusion criteria
  • Patients under 75 years of age.
  • WHO performance status of 0 to 3.
  • FIGO stage IC–IIIC endometrial carcinoma with deeper than 50% myometrial invasion.
  • Underwent an initial surgery, including total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with no residual tumor
  • Absence of any prior chemotherapy, irradiation, or surgery for the treatment of any other cancer
Exclusion criteria
  • Patients with stage II or III without deeper than 50% myometrial invasion
  • Patients with other active cancers
  • Patients without adequate liver, renal, or bone marrow functions.
Results
PRT CAP
Randomised (n)
193
192
Received treatment (n)
186
188
5 years OS rate
85.3%
86.7%
5 years PFS rate
83.5%
81.8%
Recurrence rate (%)
15.5%
17.2%
Other results
  • 5 years Overall survival rate in the PRT group was higher in low-intermediate risk group (95.1%) compared to high- intermediate risk group (73.6%)
  • 5 years Overall survival rate in the CAP group was higher in a low-intermediate risk group (90.8%) compared to high- intermediate-risk group (89.7%)
  • 5 years PFS rate in the PRT group was higher in low-intermediate risk group (94.5%) compared to high- intermediate-risk group (66.2%)
  • 5 years PFS rate in the CAP group was higher in the low-intermediate risk group (87.6%) compared to high- intermediate-risk group (83.8%)
  • Age (≥60 years) and tumor grade (G2/3) were the most important poor prognostic factors for both PFS and OS.
  • The incidence of extra-pelvic recurrence was 13.5% in the PRT group and 16.1% in the CAP group.
Conclusions

Adjuvant chemotherapy may be a useful alternative to radiotherapy for intermediate-risk endometrial cancer.

Study limitations
  • Demonstration of a true advantage of chemotherapy requires a large-scale RCT with stratification for risk factors including age and tumor grade prior to randomization
  • Validation of a true efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage endometrial cancer, especially for LIR patients, requires a RCT of no-treatment vs. chemotherapy
  • Further investigation of the use of chemotherapeutic agents in patients with HIR endometrial cancer or high-risk endometrial cancer is needed.
Reviewer name

Bushra Maaqbeh